The synthetic fertilizers drain micro nutrients and adversely affect soil structure with resultant loss of soil fertility. The cow dung manure increases the fertility of land with natural balance of soil properties.

The technologies are being developed by Go-vigyan Anusandhan Kendra for effective use of cow dung, solid waste and farm yard waste for preparation of bio-manure.

The Kendra encourages the participation of experts in microbiology, solid waste management and agriculture for development of bio-manure technologies, assessment of agro practices and development of standard quality codes for quality control and cost estimations. The findings of previous studies with excellent contribution of different R & D groups are collected and compiled. The studies are in progress to further renovate the technologies.

Techniques have been developed to prepare useful manure in large quantities using the cow dung & solid waste:

A majority of synthetic herbicides and pesticides are environmentally unsafe. These are toxic at exceedingly small concentration to human being and the target pest are reportedly developing resistance to these chemicals. The hazards are thus manifold. The domestic and international regulations are banning some of these chemicals and phasing out of market every year. The paradox is that they remain in market for some years before ban thereby causing some damage before discontinuation of use.

There is worldwide increase in demand of the agro-products in which synthetic fertilizers & insecticides are not used. Societies are will to pay high cost for such products. It will be worthwhile to mention that USA is one of the staunch exponents of the trend.

The Kendra is conducting R & D on development of pest repellents using cow urine, dung, milk, ghee and curd. A very useful pest repellent composition has been formulated through this research. The formulation has gone into production and is in demand with proven performance for seasonal crops and horticulture.